Biblioteca de aeronavesDe Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin OtterQuintin Soloviev · CC BY 4.0 · De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter pictured

De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter

A fixed-gear twin turboprop with a long history in regional and remote-area transport.
Turboprop7 opções de perfil

Conheça o avião

The Twin Otter was developed in the 1960s around short-field utility work. Two turboprops, a high wing and a substantial cabin support passenger and freight operations. Its fixed gear can be replaced or supplemented by specialist wheel, ski and float configurations.

Production resumed under Viking before the programme returned to the De Havilland Canada name. Different series and later developments have their own engines and avionics. The simulator packages identify their series and cockpit generation.

Aircraft / family

Propulsion
Twin turboprop↗
Configuration
High wing · Wheels / skis / floats↗

Mais sobre esta aeronave no AirframeDB

An airframe adapted to many different jobs

De Havilland Canada’s Series 400 description offers interiors for passenger services, cargo, medical evacuation and special missions. Reconfigurable cabins and a choice of landing equipment allow the same family to serve island communities, remote bases and conventional airports. The role can change substantially with the operator and equipment.

Cockpit generation matters alongside the familiar shape

The Series 400 product description specifies Honeywell Apex avionics, illustrating a later cockpit within the Twin Otter family. Its Guardian derivative adds mission-specific configurations. Those aircraft should be distinguished from earlier Series 300 machines when comparing pilot accounts and the particular model represented by an add-on.

A winter rescue at the South Pole

Loutitt’s Twin Otter work took him far beyond ordinary airport schedules. When an Antarctic station needed a medical evacuation in winter, his crew loaded fuel and equipment and headed south. This was already his second such rescue, following a previous mission to collect the station doctor. His earlier bush flying had included unprepared strips and frozen lakes.

The polar leg depended on a heavily fuelled aircraft and offered little room to divert. He eventually picked out the drums burning beside the snow runway and landed. After rest and refuelling, the crew departed with their patient, staged through the northern Antarctic region and continued to Chile for medical care. The interview describes the aircraft as part of a carefully organised crew effort across an exceptionally isolated route.

Investigating ice from the research cockpit

Ranaudo describes a programme that progressed from measuring icing clouds to understanding what ice did to aircraft performance and control. The Twin Otter carried additional protection, cameras and instruments so the researchers could connect the conditions outside with the aircraft’s response. Later work used artificial ice shapes and a gradual series of increasingly demanding tests.

One test he recounts produced pulsing elevator forces, pitch oscillations and then an abrupt nose-down motion that briefly made the crew weightless. Recovery followed rapidly, but the episode captured how physically demanding the problem could become. His account emphasises the preparation and incremental testing behind that moment. These observations belong to a specially configured research aircraft and its test programme; they do not establish how a desktop simulator models icing.

Flying the science mission includes digging out the fuel

Below describes Twin Otter flying as one part of a much larger field operation. Pilots work closely with scientists to deploy teams, supply their camps and bring them home. Some assignments mean living in tents on the ice alongside the people they support. The aircraft’s retractable skis connect Rothera’s gravel runway with remote snowfields.

Keeping those flights possible also means maintaining a scattered network of fuel depots. Drums may move with the ice beneath them and become buried by winter snowfall, leaving a marker to guide the search. Digging them out becomes a pilot’s task as well. Below finds the combination of demanding flying, unfamiliar landing areas and practical support work deeply satisfying because it contributes directly to scientific understanding of the continent.

Fontes públicas 10
  1. De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin OtterResearch background · Wikipedia revision 1369791029 · retrieved 2026-09-12
  2. DH-6 Twin Otter AOM
  3. Microsoft Flight Simulator aircraft manuals
  4. MSFS 2024 FAQ and edition aircraft inventory
  5. Pilots: Sean LoutittPhil Scott interviews Sean Loutitt · 5 February 2005
  6. Discoveries on IceRichard J. Ranaudo · 21 February 2017
  7. Update from Antarctica: A day in the life of a Twin Otter pilotTim Below · 24 April 2024
  8. Twin Otter Series 400Manufacturer’s Series 400 product description · retrieved September 2026
  9. ICAO Doc 8643 — aircraft type designatorsPublic search data retrieved 2026-09-14; authority update 2026-09-03
  10. DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 Series v2Product listing captured 2026-09-24; edition scope from the reviewed catalogue

Como o perfil o modela

De Havilland DHC-6-300 Twin Otter (wheels)

Free + Pro
MSFS 2024

The Twin Otter was developed in the 1960s around short-field utility work. Two turboprops, a high wing and a substantial cabin support passenger and freight operations. Its fixed gear can be replaced or supplemented by specialist wheel, ski and float configurations.

This starting point selects De Havilland DHC-6-300 Twin Otter (wheels). Its aircraft-level settings do not select a particular developer’s custom systems.

The selected yoke resistance accompanies the particular Twin Otter configuration. Spring resistance builds with the selected airspeed response. A separate aerodynamic term adds speed-dependent control load.

Trim relief is configured separately from nose length and landing-gear fit. Valid trim provides the configured pressure relief. Autopilot following is enabled for supported control references.

Controls and trim

RWDesigns separates short- and long-nose Twin Otters and four landing-gear fits. Its original V2 aircraft is an XP11 generation with an unofficial XP12 patch. The patch and surface options retain their own implementation scope within the turboprop utility family.

DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 Series v2DH-6 Twin Otter ChecklistDH-6 Twin Otter Introduction Flight

About the values

The gains are normalized profile settings. They describe the chosen effect balance; hand force depends on the device and its output limits. IAS references are tuning values rather than operating limits. Physical acceptance of this revision remains pending.

Master gain & control system

Master gain85%

A escala final de saída aplicada a tudo que o modelo produz, antes do teto do dispositivo.

Mais: tudo (mola, cargas, efeitos) fica mais forte junto.

Menos: tudo amacia junto.

Por que aqui: Scales overall profile strength while preserving effect balance, subject to device and output limits.

Forces

Spring strength74%

A força base de centragem que puxa o manche de volta ao centro. Todas as outras forças se empilham sobre ela. Baixa demais e o manche parece frouxo em voo normal; alta demais e ele briga com sua mão e mascara os sinais menores por cima.

Mais: uma centragem mais firme que resiste mais à mão.

Menos: um manche mais mole que depende só da carga aerodinâmica.

Por que aqui: The selected yoke resistance accompanies the particular Twin Otter configuration. The baseline spring is 0.74. Its low-speed blend reaches baseline strength at 75 KIAS.

DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 Series v2DH-6 Twin Otter ChecklistDH-6 Twin Otter Introduction Flight
Spring deadband5%

Uma pequena zona neutra ao redor do centro onde a mola fica quieta, para que movimentos mínimos em repouso não trepidem. Mais larga é mais calma porém mais solta; mais estreita é mais precisa mas pode tremer no centro.

Mais: um centro mais calmo porém mais solto, com mais folga.

Menos: um centro mais apertado que pode tremer em repouso.

Por que aqui: Sets travel around the centre before the baseline spring resists. Smaller values engage it sooner.

Overall aerodynamic load68%

Uma escala mestra sobre as duas cargas sustentadas de eixo, aplicada antes do balanço independente delas. Os perfis normalmente a deixam quieta e ajustam as duas cargas de eixo.

Mais: os dois eixos carregam mais forte.

Menos: os dois eixos aliviam juntos.

Por que aqui: The aerodynamic-load gain is 0.68 with an indicated-speed reference of 150 KIAS. This supplies speed-dependent loading alongside the spring.

Airspeed blendingTrue

Ativa a janela de engate da mola em baixa velocidade (nós de início/pleno acima). Desligado, a mola é constante em todas as velocidades.

Por que aqui: Allows baseline spring strength to rise with indicated airspeed where the control law permits it.

Low-speed spring floor55%

Quanto da mola sobrevive parado, antes que a velocidade possa gerar força aerodinâmica. Um piso alto mantém o manche estacionado firme; um piso baixo dá a sensação solta, de cabos com folga, de um avião leve estacionado.

Mais: um manche mais firme estacionado e no táxi.

Menos: um manche mole estacionado que só desperta com velocidade.

Por que aqui: Sets low-speed spring strength as a fraction of baseline when blending is enabled. One keeps full strength.

Spring engagement start20 kt

A velocidade em que a mola começa a subir do piso de baixa velocidade rumo à força plena: os comandos "ganhando vida" na corrida de decolagem.

Por que aqui: Sets the IAS where the low-speed spring blend starts rising. This is a feel threshold, not a flight limit.

Spring engagement full75.0 kt

A velocidade em que a mola atinge força plena. Entre o início e este ponto, a centragem endurece progressivamente à medida que o fluxo de ar cresce sobre os comandos.

Por que aqui: Sets the IAS where the low-speed blend reaches baseline strength; high-speed stiffening also uses it.

Velocidade de ajuste de força150

A velocidade indicada em que a carga aerodinâmica atinge seu nível pleno de projeto. Ela ancora toda a curva de carga à faixa real de velocidades do avião: um 172 carrega por volta de 110 nós, um jato bem depois.

Mais: as cargas chegam mais tarde; o manche fica leve até mais velocidade.

Menos: as cargas chegam antes e o cruzeiro pesa mais.

Por que aqui: Sets the IAS reference for aerodynamic loading. It is an estimate, not published cruise TAS or a flight limit.

Centre firmness vs speed10%

Quanto a própria centragem endurece com a velocidade, além das cargas de deflexão. Zero mantém a sensação de centro constante; mais faz o manche centrar mais duro em cruzeiro e mais solto no circuito.

Mais: um centro que endurece nitidamente com a velocidade.

Menos: uma sensação de centro constante em qualquer velocidade.

Por que aqui: The high-speed spring-stiffening gain is 0.1. It strengthens the permitted spring response above 75 KIAS, with the squared-speed ratio capped at 5.

Centre stiffening cap5

O limite superior do endurecimento de centro pela velocidade, para que voos muito rápidos não tensionem a mola sem freio.

Mais: mais endurecimento total permitido em alta velocidade.

Menos: o endurecimento corta antes.

Por que aqui: Limits the squared airspeed ratio used for high-speed spring stiffening; it is not a device-force cap.

Aileron load72%

A carga sustentada de rolagem da deflexão dos ailerons e da velocidade, balanceada independentemente da arfagem. Junto com a carga do profundor define a razão de harmonia de comandos de que falam as resenhas.

Mais: esforços de rolagem mais pesados.

Menos: ailerons mais leves e vivos.

Por que aqui: Roll and pitch aerodynamic scales are 0.72 and 1, respectively. They set the aerodynamic axis balance. No custom spring-travel curve is enabled.

Elevator load100%

A carga sustentada de arfagem da deflexão do profundor e da velocidade, balanceada independentemente da rolagem. É a alavanca principal por trás do peso de arfagem de um tipo. Não toca aileron, mola, compensador nem forças de buffet.

Mais: esforços sustentados de arfagem mais pesados em velocidade.

Menos: um profundor mais leve, com menos músculo para segurar.

Por que aqui: Scales pitch aerodynamic loading; pitch spring travel and trim responses are separate settings.

Max output force55%

Um teto sobre cada força estável de arfagem ou rolagem antes de chegar ao dispositivo, protegendo contra pancadas ou saturação do hardware em manobras fortes.

Mais: picos de força estável mais altos antes do corte.

Menos: um teto mais suave; manobras duras achatam antes.

Por que aqui: Caps directed-force output. Native spring effects and device limits remain separate.

Trim

Trim relief (elevator)30%

Com que força o compensador de profundor alivia o esforço de arfagem mantido e desloca onde o manche assenta. Em 100 %, um avião bem compensado não precisa de pressão mantida: o fluxo de trabalho de compensar-a-carga do voo real.

Mais: o compensador tira mais esforço mantido; em 100 %, todo compensado o anula.

Menos: você segue segurando esforço mesmo compensado.

Por que aqui: Trim relief is configured separately from nose length and landing-gear fit. Pitch authority 0.3 provides load relief and permitted centre movement; roll authority is 0.14.

DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 Series v2DH-6 Twin Otter ChecklistDH-6 Twin Otter Introduction Flight
Trim relief (aileron)14%

O mesmo alívio para o compensador de rolagem. A maioria dos tipos de aviação geral não tem compensador de aileron real, então isto fica em zero; tipos com compensador de rolagem recebem um valor correspondente.

Mais: o compensador de rolagem tira mais esforço mantido.

Menos: o compensador de rolagem faz menos.

Por que aqui: Scales supported roll-trim relief and permitted centre movement. Zero removes roll response.

Effect gains · Ground

Runway rumble42%

Vibração de rolagem no solo pela velocidade das rodas e tipo de superfície: asfalto, grama ou cascalho sob o trem.

Mais: uma textura de superfície mais forte no manche.

Menos: um táxi mais liso.

Por que aqui: Sets rolling texture strength, modified by speed, surface and undercarriage configuration.

Gear bumps32%

Solavancos curtos e discretos de juntas de dilatação, sulcos e superfície irregular, pontuando o ronco contínuo.

Mais: solavancos mais nítidos de juntas e sulcos.

Menos: detalhes de solo mais suaves.

Por que aqui: Sets gear-bump texture during ground motion, separate from touchdown impact.

Effect gains · Airframe

Stall buffet28%

Sacudida da célula ao se aproximar do estol e enquanto o aviso soa: quão alto esta asa anuncia que está infeliz. Tipos de quebra seca recebem buffet modesto e deixam a buzina levar o aviso.

Mais: um tremor pré-estol mais forte.

Menos: uma asa mais discreta; a buzina leva o aviso.

Por que aqui: Sets stall-buffet strength. Zero removes the cue without changing simulator stalls or warnings.

Mach buffet0%

Buffet transônico ao se aproximar do limite de Mach. Significativo para jatos perto de MMO, zero para pistões e turboélices que nunca chegam lá.

Mais: um buffet transônico mais forte perto do limite de Mach.

Menos: um voo mais liso em Mach alto.

Por que aqui: Sets high-Mach buffet strength; onset and full-strength thresholds are separate.

Flap buffet14%

Vibração de baixa frequência da célula com flapes estendidos no fluxo, na janela de velocidade em que eles realmente trabalham o ar.

Mais: um voo mais áspero com flapes trabalhando.

Menos: flapes de aproximação mais suaves.

Por que aqui: Sets flap buffet at the configured position and speed gates. Flap movement texture is separate.

Gear buffet0%

Tamborilar da célula pelo trem retrátil pendurado na corrente de ar. Zero para tipos de trem fixo, onde a célula nunca muda de forma.

Mais: mais tamborilar com o trem embaixo.

Menos: um voo com trem embaixo mais limpo.

Por que aqui: Sets gear aerodynamic buffet; movement and ground-contact cues are separate.

Stick shaker50%

O zumbido dedicado do stick shaker de estol, disparado pelo próprio sistema de aviso do avião. Só tipos com shaker real recebem valor; o resto confia no buffet aerodinâmico e na buzina.

Mais: um shaker mais duro.

Menos: um shaker mais discreto.

Por que aqui: Sets triggered shaker strength; inactive while the shaker feature is disabled.

Effect gains · Engine, mechanical & drag

Touchdown thump82%

O golpe único quando as rodas tocam a pista, escalado pela razão de descida: um pouso macio sussurra, uma chegada firme bate.

Mais: um golpe mais duro no toque.

Menos: chegadas mais suaves.

Por que aqui: Sets landing-impact strength; landing telemetry and response shape determine the pulse.

Reverse rumble48%

Vibração na corrida enquanto o reverso ou as hélices em beta trabalham. Zero para tipos sem reverso.

Mais: uma corrida mais áspera sob reverso.

Menos: um reverso mais discreto.

Por que aqui: Sets reverse-thrust vibration with valid reverser and engine conditions. Zero removes the cue.

Engine rumble6%

Vibração contínua do grupo motopropulsor seguindo a rotação entre marcha lenta e potência máxima, o lembrete sempre presente de que algo queima combustível lá na frente.

Mais: mais motor no manche.

Menos: um motor mais discreto.

Por que aqui: Sets estimated engine vibration using configured telemetry and response, not measured cockpit vibration.

Flap motion12%

Vibração contínua apenas enquanto o simulador informa as superfícies de flape realmente em movimento. Segue o movimento e as falhas reais do atuador, não um cronômetro estimado.

Mais: mais vibração com os flapes em movimento.

Menos: cursos de flape mais discretos.

Por que aqui: Sets texture from observed flap movement; a command without movement does not establish the cue.

Autopilot follow

AP follow authority10%

Quanto os comandos do piloto automático podem mover fisicamente o manche. Mantido minúsculo no MSFS, onde um eixo movido pode ser lido de volta como entrada do piloto; zero desativa o seguimento por completo.

Mais: o piloto automático move seu manche visivelmente mais.

Menos: um seguimento quase imperceptível.

Por que aqui: Sets admitted AP-follow gain, not a percentage of travel. Runtime ownership and input limits still apply.

Stick feel

StickFeel · Trim feel enabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Retained for compatibility and group membership. Trim relief, rather than this flag, controls centre movement.

StickFeel · Trim relief enabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Allows trim relief with supported control law and valid telemetry. Axis authorities set its amount.

StickFeel · Force trim enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables local force trim, separate from aircraft-owned trim and add-on integration qualification.

StickFeel · G load enabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Allows load-factor changes to modify permitted spring laws. Passive fly-by-wire feel can suppress it.

StickFeel · Rate damping enabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables rate damping with the configured coefficients and control law.

Autopilot

Autopilot · Follow enabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Following is on at 0.1 authority when a supported, valid autopilot control reference is available.

Autopilot · Neutral hold enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Permits centering hold during a supported AP state, separate from following a moving target.

Autopilot · Neutral hold strength0.6

Por que aqui: Sets admitted AP neutral-hold strength; inactive while neutral hold is disabled.

Aero

Aero · EnabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables aerodynamic cues; each still needs nonzero strength and its simulator conditions.

Aero · Max flap index4

Where this effect reaches full strength (or has fully faded, for washouts).

Mais: a more gradual build to a later peak.

Menos: a quicker build.

Por que aqui: Sets the final flap index for detent normalization. UP plus three detents uses maximum index3.

Aero · Min flap index2

Where this effect begins fading in.

Mais: the effect begins later.

Menos: it begins earlier.

Por que aqui: Sets the first flap detent that admits buffet; this is a handle index, not degrees.

Aero · Shaker enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Permits shaker at supported warning conditions; the switch does not establish aircraft equipment.

Ground

Ground · EnabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables ground effects; each still needs its own strength and contact or motion telemetry.

Engine

Engine · EnabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables engine cues with nonzero settings and valid running-engine telemetry.

Mechanical

Mechanical · EnabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables accessory cues with configured strengths and observed accessory movement.

Mechanical · Gain0

The strength of this effect.

Mais: a stronger effect.

Menos: a weaker one.

Por que aqui: Sets texture from observed gear movement, separate from aerodynamic and touchdown effects.

Todas as configurações do perfil
Configurações estimadas do perfil
ParâmetroValorO que controla e por quê
Spring strength0.74 The selected yoke resistance accompanies the particular Twin Otter configuration. The baseline spring is 0.74. Its low-speed blend reaches baseline strength at 75 KIAS.
Spring deadband0.05 Sets travel around the centre before the baseline spring resists. Smaller values engage it sooner.
Force gain0.68 The aerodynamic-load gain is 0.68 with an indicated-speed reference of 150 KIAS. This supplies speed-dependent loading alongside the spring.
Master gain0.85 Scales overall profile strength while preserving effect balance, subject to device and output limits.
Dynamic-pressure blendTrue Allows baseline spring strength to rise with indicated airspeed where the control law permits it.
Minimum spring factor0.55 Sets low-speed spring strength as a fraction of baseline when blending is enabled. One keeps full strength.
Spring wake-up speed20 ktSets the IAS where the low-speed spring blend starts rising. This is a feel threshold, not a flight limit.
Spring full-strength speed75.0 ktSets the IAS where the low-speed blend reaches baseline strength; high-speed stiffening also uses it.
Velocidade de ajuste de força150.0 ktSets the IAS reference for aerodynamic loading. It is an estimate, not published cruise TAS or a flight limit.
Airspeed spring stiffening0.1 The high-speed spring-stiffening gain is 0.1. It strengthens the permitted spring response above 75 KIAS, with the squared-speed ratio capped at 5.
Airspeed stiffening cap5 Limits the squared airspeed ratio used for high-speed spring stiffening; it is not a device-force cap.
Aileron force scale0.72 Roll and pitch aerodynamic scales are 0.72 and 1, respectively. They set the aerodynamic axis balance. No custom spring-travel curve is enabled.
Elevator force scale1.0 Scales pitch aerodynamic loading; pitch spring travel and trim responses are separate settings.
Maximum output force0.55 Caps directed-force output. Native spring effects and device limits remain separate.
StickFeel · Trim feel enabledTrue Retained for compatibility and group membership. Trim relief, rather than this flag, controls centre movement.
StickFeel · Trim relief enabledTrue Allows trim relief with supported control law and valid telemetry. Axis authorities set its amount.
StickFeel · Elevator authority0.3 Trim relief is configured separately from nose length and landing-gear fit. Pitch authority 0.3 provides load relief and permitted centre movement; roll authority is 0.14.
StickFeel · Aileron authority0.14 Scales supported roll-trim relief and permitted centre movement. Zero removes roll response.
StickFeel · Force trim enabledFalse Enables local force trim, separate from aircraft-owned trim and add-on integration qualification.
StickFeel · G load enabledTrue Allows load-factor changes to modify permitted spring laws. Passive fly-by-wire feel can suppress it.
StickFeel · Rate damping enabledTrue Enables rate damping with the configured coefficients and control law.
Autopilot · Follow enabledTrue Following is on at 0.1 authority when a supported, valid autopilot control reference is available.
Autopilot · Follow authority0.1 Sets admitted AP-follow gain, not a percentage of travel. Runtime ownership and input limits still apply.
Autopilot · Neutral hold enabledFalse Permits centering hold during a supported AP state, separate from following a moving target.
Autopilot · Neutral hold strength0.6 Sets admitted AP neutral-hold strength; inactive while neutral hold is disabled.
Aero · EnabledTrue Enables aerodynamic cues; each still needs nonzero strength and its simulator conditions.
Aero · Gain0.28 Sets stall-buffet strength. Zero removes the cue without changing simulator stalls or warnings.
Aero · Gain0 Sets high-Mach buffet strength; onset and full-strength thresholds are separate.
Aero · Gain0.14 Sets flap buffet at the configured position and speed gates. Flap movement texture is separate.
Aero · Max flap index4 Sets the final flap index for detent normalization. UP plus three detents uses maximum index3.
Aero · Min flap index2 Sets the first flap detent that admits buffet; this is a handle index, not degrees.
Aero · Gain0 Sets gear aerodynamic buffet; movement and ground-contact cues are separate.
Aero · Shaker enabledFalse Permits shaker at supported warning conditions; the switch does not establish aircraft equipment.
Aero · Amplitude0.5 Sets triggered shaker strength; inactive while the shaker feature is disabled.
Ground · EnabledTrue Enables ground effects; each still needs its own strength and contact or motion telemetry.
Ground · Gain0.42 Sets rolling texture strength, modified by speed, surface and undercarriage configuration.
Ground · Gain0.32 Sets gear-bump texture during ground motion, separate from touchdown impact.
Ground · Gain0.82 Sets landing-impact strength; landing telemetry and response shape determine the pulse.
Ground · Gain0.48 Sets reverse-thrust vibration with valid reverser and engine conditions. Zero removes the cue.
Engine · EnabledTrue Enables engine cues with nonzero settings and valid running-engine telemetry.
Engine · Gain0.06 Sets estimated engine vibration using configured telemetry and response, not measured cockpit vibration.
Mechanical · EnabledTrue Enables accessory cues with configured strengths and observed accessory movement.
Mechanical · Gain0.12 Sets texture from observed flap movement; a command without movement does not establish the cue.
Mechanical · Gain0 Sets texture from observed gear movement, separate from aerodynamic and touchdown effects.
Fontes públicas 12
  1. De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin OtterResearch background · Wikipedia revision 1369791029 · retrieved 2026-09-12
  2. DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 Series v2Exact product and reviewed configuration passagesProduct listing captured 2026-09-24; edition scope from the reviewed catalogue
  3. DH-6 Twin Otter ChecklistDe Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
  4. DH-6 Twin Otter Introduction FlightDe Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
  5. DH-6 Twin Otter AOM
  6. Microsoft Flight Simulator aircraft manuals
  7. MSFS 2024 FAQ and edition aircraft inventory
  8. Pilots: Sean LoutittPhil Scott interviews Sean Loutitt · 5 February 2005
  9. Discoveries on IceRichard J. Ranaudo · 21 February 2017
  10. Update from Antarctica: A day in the life of a Twin Otter pilotTim Below · 24 April 2024
  11. Twin Otter Series 400Manufacturer’s Series 400 product description · retrieved September 2026
  12. ICAO Doc 8643 — aircraft type designatorsPublic search data retrieved 2026-09-14; authority update 2026-09-03

Comunidade e correções

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Papo de hangar

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Comunidade

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