Biblioteca de aeronavesAgustaWestland AW109
AgustaWestland AW109Ikiwaner · CC BY-SA 3.0 · AgustaWestland AW109.

AgustaWestland AW109

A compact twin-engine transport helicopter with retractable gear and a long development history.
Helicopter3 opções de perfil

Conheça o avião

The A109 originated with Agusta in Italy and continued through AgustaWestland into Leonardo. Its streamlined cabin, four-bladed main rotor and retractable undercarriage suited executive transport as well as emergency-service and other utility work.

Later developments changed engines, cabin details and avionics. The AW109SP represented by X-Trident is a particular modern version, with its own engine-management and automatic flight-control systems. The photographs include earlier A109 variants, with their model captions retained.

Aircraft / family

Propulsion
Twin turboshaft↗
Configuration
Four-bladed rotor · Retractable gear↗

AgustaWestland AW109 · Specifications (AW109 Power with PW206C) 2850 Kilo version · real aircraft; source units retained

Length
11.448 m (37 ft 7 in) fuselage↗
Height
3.50 m (11 ft 6 in)↗
Empty weight
1,590 kg (3,505 lb)↗
Max takeoff weight
2,850 kg (6,283 lb)↗
Powerplant
2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PW206C Turboshaft engine, 418 kW (560 hp) each↗
Main rotor diameter
11.00 m (36 ft 1 in)↗
Maximum speed
311 km/h (193 mph, 168 kn)↗
Cruise speed
285 km/h (177 mph, 154 kn)↗
Rate of climb
9.8 m/s (1,930 ft/min)↗

Mais sobre esta aeronave no AirframeDB

Comparing the new Grand with the aircraft already at work

Amadeus had spent years operating A109s when he and Peter Barnes collected a new Grand from the Milan factory. His work ranged from charter to filming the Fastnet yacht race, making aircraft availability and practical cabin details as relevant as speed. The Grand’s larger windows and passenger space were welcome changes.

He was also willing to describe frustrations. Baggage space and door hardware drew criticism, while his comparison of the aircraft’s navigation equipment was especially pointed. The older Power’s installation required awkward input and limited stored waypoints; the Grand’s Garmin equipment felt a substantial improvement.

An early air-ambulance mission changes a pilot’s judgment

McClendon took over an air-ambulance programme while it was still using an A109A supplied by a charter company. The medical equipment, crew and fuel already made loading a difficult concern. On an early mission, the patient proved much heavier than the estimate the helicopter crew had received before departing.

He recalls accepting the patient and making a frightening departure, then questioning his own decision afterward. The experience led him to think about communication with ground crews and the pressure a medical emergency places on a pilot. His later account emphasises speaking up when the requested task exceeds the aircraft’s limits and finding another workable arrangement.

Using a helicopter to stay close to a business

Palmer’s Grand helped him visit several racing circuits over a weekend. He would arrive, assess the crowd, meet competitors and organisers, and even check the food before moving on. The aircraft’s speed made those visits practical, but predictable journey times and the enjoyment of flying mattered to him too.

At first he worried that the cockpit would isolate him from passengers compared with his previous Twin Squirrel. In use, he came to appreciate the separation when navigating and speaking to controllers around busy southern England. After about two hundred hours in six months, he remained pleased with the change and attentive to maintenance.

Fontes públicas 9
  1. AgustaWestland AW109Research background · Wikipedia revision 1367311414 · retrieved 2026-09-12
  2. X-Plane aircraft and avionics manuals
  3. AW109 SP 2.0
  4. Me and my aircraft: comparing the Grand and PowerPhilip Louis Amadeus · 8 September 2009
  5. Flying heavy: a medevac pilot’s balancing actWoody McClendon · 2 December 2024
  6. MSV enjoys the Grand upgrade for circuit travelJonathan Palmer · 12 August 2013
  7. Behind the scenes with Castle AirJon Duke · 4 May 2018
  8. ICAO Doc 8643 — aircraft type designatorsPublic search data retrieved 2026-09-14; authority update 2026-09-03
  9. AW109 1.11 for X-Plane 12 – X-RotorsProduct listing captured 2026-09-30; edition scope from the reviewed catalogue

Como o perfil o modela

X-Rotors AW109 Power Elite E (XP12)

Free + Pro
X-Plane 12X-Rotors

The A109 originated with Agusta in Italy and continued through AgustaWestland into Leonardo. Its streamlined cabin, four-bladed main rotor and retractable undercarriage suited executive transport as well as emergency-service and other utility work.

This profile selects X-Rotors AW109 Power Elite E (XP12) for X-Plane 12.

The spring stays independent of airspeed. Directed aerodynamic loading is omitted.

Local force trim is off. Autopilot following is off.

Cyclic damping is on. Its configured gain is 0.12; it resists hardware motion separately from the spring and aircraft stabilization.

Esta revisão específica ainda não está habilitada para instalação pública.

Controls and trim

AW109 variants share a four-bladed rotor and retractable wheeled layout but differ in automatic flight controls. X-Trident's AW109SP has FADEC, four-channel SAS and upper modes, including hover and transition guidance. X-Rotors' Power Elite E has its own three-axis autopilot and Helipilot equipment. Guidance bars and engine torque limits are not cyclic movement targets, and the two products' AFCS behavior remains distinct.

AW109 1.11 for X-Plane 12AW109X-Trident AW109 product

The selected implementation

Power Elite E is distinct from X-Trident SP. Its three-axis AP/Helipilot equipment and conflicting1.11/1.10 labels remain explicit; rotor endpoints do not derive an exact nominal RPM.

AW109 1.11 for X-Plane 12AW109A109 certificate

About the values

The gains are normalized profile settings. They describe the chosen effect balance; hand force depends on the device and its output limits. IAS references are tuning values rather than operating limits. Physical acceptance of this revision remains pending.

Master gain & control system

Master gain65%

A escala final de saída aplicada a tudo que o modelo produz, antes do teto do dispositivo.

Mais: tudo (mola, cargas, efeitos) fica mais forte junto.

Menos: tudo amacia junto.

Por que aqui: Scales overall profile strength while preserving effect balance, subject to device and output limits.

Forces

Spring strength10%

A força base de centragem que puxa o manche de volta ao centro. Todas as outras forças se empilham sobre ela. Baixa demais e o manche parece frouxo em voo normal; alta demais e ele briga com sua mão e mascara os sinais menores por cima.

Mais: uma centragem mais firme que resiste mais à mão.

Menos: um manche mais mole que depende só da carga aerodinâmica.

Por que aqui: Configured cyclic centering is nominal; neither the four-blade rotor nor the aircraft's retractable gear establishes a cyclic force schedule. The baseline spring is 0.1. Low-speed spring blending is off.

AW109 1.11 for X-Plane 12AW109X-Trident AW109 product
Spring deadband2%

Uma pequena zona neutra ao redor do centro onde a mola fica quieta, para que movimentos mínimos em repouso não trepidem. Mais larga é mais calma porém mais solta; mais estreita é mais precisa mas pode tremer no centro.

Mais: um centro mais calmo porém mais solto, com mais folga.

Menos: um centro mais apertado que pode tremer em repouso.

Por que aqui: Sets travel around the centre before the baseline spring resists. Smaller values engage it sooner.

Overall aerodynamic load0%

Uma escala mestra sobre as duas cargas sustentadas de eixo, aplicada antes do balanço independente delas. Os perfis normalmente a deixam quieta e ajustam as duas cargas de eixo.

Mais: os dois eixos carregam mais forte.

Menos: os dois eixos aliviam juntos.

Por que aqui: The 0 gain omits sustained directed airspeed loading. Spring resistance remains independent.

Airspeed blendingFalse

Ativa a janela de engate da mola em baixa velocidade (nós de início/pleno acima). Desligado, a mola é constante em todas as velocidades.

Por que aqui: Allows baseline spring strength to rise with indicated airspeed where the control law permits it.

Low-speed spring floor100%

Quanto da mola sobrevive parado, antes que a velocidade possa gerar força aerodinâmica. Um piso alto mantém o manche estacionado firme; um piso baixo dá a sensação solta, de cabos com folga, de um avião leve estacionado.

Mais: um manche mais firme estacionado e no táxi.

Menos: um manche mole estacionado que só desperta com velocidade.

Por que aqui: Sets low-speed spring strength as a fraction of baseline when blending is enabled. One keeps full strength.

Spring engagement start19.6 kt

A velocidade em que a mola começa a subir do piso de baixa velocidade rumo à força plena: os comandos "ganhando vida" na corrida de decolagem.

Por que aqui: Sets the IAS where the low-speed spring blend starts rising. This is a feel threshold, not a flight limit.

Spring engagement full70.0 kt

A velocidade em que a mola atinge força plena. Entre o início e este ponto, a centragem endurece progressivamente à medida que o fluxo de ar cresce sobre os comandos.

Por que aqui: Sets the IAS where the low-speed blend reaches baseline strength; high-speed stiffening also uses it.

Velocidade de ajuste de força135

A velocidade indicada em que a carga aerodinâmica atinge seu nível pleno de projeto. Ela ancora toda a curva de carga à faixa real de velocidades do avião: um 172 carrega por volta de 110 nós, um jato bem depois.

Mais: as cargas chegam mais tarde; o manche fica leve até mais velocidade.

Menos: as cargas chegam antes e o cruzeiro pesa mais.

Por que aqui: Sets the IAS reference for aerodynamic loading. It is an estimate, not published cruise TAS or a flight limit.

Centre firmness vs speed0%

Quanto a própria centragem endurece com a velocidade, além das cargas de deflexão. Zero mantém a sensação de centro constante; mais faz o manche centrar mais duro em cruzeiro e mais solto no circuito.

Mais: um centro que endurece nitidamente com a velocidade.

Menos: uma sensação de centro constante em qualquer velocidade.

Por que aqui: Adds permitted spring resistance above the full-blend speed. Zero removes this high-speed increase.

Centre stiffening cap5

O limite superior do endurecimento de centro pela velocidade, para que voos muito rápidos não tensionem a mola sem freio.

Mais: mais endurecimento total permitido em alta velocidade.

Menos: o endurecimento corta antes.

Por que aqui: Limits the squared airspeed ratio used for high-speed spring stiffening; it is not a device-force cap.

Aileron load100%

A carga sustentada de rolagem da deflexão dos ailerons e da velocidade, balanceada independentemente da arfagem. Junto com a carga do profundor define a razão de harmonia de comandos de que falam as resenhas.

Mais: esforços de rolagem mais pesados.

Menos: ailerons mais leves e vivos.

Por que aqui: Roll and pitch aerodynamic scales are 1 and 1, respectively. These stored weights do not create directed aerodynamic loading while that term is inactive. No custom spring-travel curve is enabled.

Elevator load100%

A carga sustentada de arfagem da deflexão do profundor e da velocidade, balanceada independentemente da rolagem. É a alavanca principal por trás do peso de arfagem de um tipo. Não toca aileron, mola, compensador nem forças de buffet.

Mais: esforços sustentados de arfagem mais pesados em velocidade.

Menos: um profundor mais leve, com menos músculo para segurar.

Por que aqui: Scales pitch aerodynamic loading; pitch spring travel and trim responses are separate settings.

Max output force55%

Um teto sobre cada força estável de arfagem ou rolagem antes de chegar ao dispositivo, protegendo contra pancadas ou saturação do hardware em manobras fortes.

Mais: picos de força estável mais altos antes do corte.

Menos: um teto mais suave; manobras duras achatam antes.

Por que aqui: Caps directed-force output. Native spring effects and device limits remain separate.

Trim

Trim relief (elevator)0%

Com que força o compensador de profundor alivia o esforço de arfagem mantido e desloca onde o manche assenta. Em 100 %, um avião bem compensado não precisa de pressão mantida: o fluxo de trabalho de compensar-a-carga do voo real.

Mais: o compensador tira mais esforço mantido; em 100 %, todo compensado o anula.

Menos: você segue segurando esforço mesmo compensado.

Por que aqui: Scales supported pitch-trim relief and permitted centre movement. Zero removes pitch response.

Trim relief (aileron)0%

O mesmo alívio para o compensador de rolagem. A maioria dos tipos de aviação geral não tem compensador de aileron real, então isto fica em zero; tipos com compensador de rolagem recebem um valor correspondente.

Mais: o compensador de rolagem tira mais esforço mantido.

Menos: o compensador de rolagem faz menos.

Por que aqui: Scales supported roll-trim relief and permitted centre movement. Zero removes roll response.

Effect gains · Ground

Runway rumble10%

Vibração de rolagem no solo pela velocidade das rodas e tipo de superfície: asfalto, grama ou cascalho sob o trem.

Mais: uma textura de superfície mais forte no manche.

Menos: um táxi mais liso.

Por que aqui: Sets rolling texture strength, modified by speed, surface and undercarriage configuration.

Gear bumps8%

Solavancos curtos e discretos de juntas de dilatação, sulcos e superfície irregular, pontuando o ronco contínuo.

Mais: solavancos mais nítidos de juntas e sulcos.

Menos: detalhes de solo mais suaves.

Por que aqui: Sets gear-bump texture during ground motion, separate from touchdown impact.

Effect gains · Airframe

Stall buffet0%

Sacudida da célula ao se aproximar do estol e enquanto o aviso soa: quão alto esta asa anuncia que está infeliz. Tipos de quebra seca recebem buffet modesto e deixam a buzina levar o aviso.

Mais: um tremor pré-estol mais forte.

Menos: uma asa mais discreta; a buzina leva o aviso.

Por que aqui: Sets stall-buffet strength. Zero removes the cue without changing simulator stalls or warnings.

Mach buffet0%

Buffet transônico ao se aproximar do limite de Mach. Significativo para jatos perto de MMO, zero para pistões e turboélices que nunca chegam lá.

Mais: um buffet transônico mais forte perto do limite de Mach.

Menos: um voo mais liso em Mach alto.

Por que aqui: Sets high-Mach buffet strength; onset and full-strength thresholds are separate.

Flap buffet0%

Vibração de baixa frequência da célula com flapes estendidos no fluxo, na janela de velocidade em que eles realmente trabalham o ar.

Mais: um voo mais áspero com flapes trabalhando.

Menos: flapes de aproximação mais suaves.

Por que aqui: Sets flap buffet at the configured position and speed gates. Flap movement texture is separate.

Gear buffet0%

Tamborilar da célula pelo trem retrátil pendurado na corrente de ar. Zero para tipos de trem fixo, onde a célula nunca muda de forma.

Mais: mais tamborilar com o trem embaixo.

Menos: um voo com trem embaixo mais limpo.

Por que aqui: Sets gear aerodynamic buffet; movement and ground-contact cues are separate.

Stick shaker50%

O zumbido dedicado do stick shaker de estol, disparado pelo próprio sistema de aviso do avião. Só tipos com shaker real recebem valor; o resto confia no buffet aerodinâmico e na buzina.

Mais: um shaker mais duro.

Menos: um shaker mais discreto.

Por que aqui: Sets triggered shaker strength; inactive while the shaker feature is disabled.

Effect gains · Engine, mechanical & drag

Touchdown thump20%

O golpe único quando as rodas tocam a pista, escalado pela razão de descida: um pouso macio sussurra, uma chegada firme bate.

Mais: um golpe mais duro no toque.

Menos: chegadas mais suaves.

Por que aqui: Sets landing-impact strength; landing telemetry and response shape determine the pulse.

Reverse rumble0%

Vibração na corrida enquanto o reverso ou as hélices em beta trabalham. Zero para tipos sem reverso.

Mais: uma corrida mais áspera sob reverso.

Menos: um reverso mais discreto.

Por que aqui: Sets reverse-thrust vibration with valid reverser and engine conditions. Zero removes the cue.

Engine rumble0%

Vibração contínua do grupo motopropulsor seguindo a rotação entre marcha lenta e potência máxima, o lembrete sempre presente de que algo queima combustível lá na frente.

Mais: mais motor no manche.

Menos: um motor mais discreto.

Por que aqui: Sets estimated engine vibration using configured telemetry and response, not measured cockpit vibration.

Flap motion0%

Vibração contínua apenas enquanto o simulador informa as superfícies de flape realmente em movimento. Segue o movimento e as falhas reais do atuador, não um cronômetro estimado.

Mais: mais vibração com os flapes em movimento.

Menos: cursos de flape mais discretos.

Por que aqui: Sets texture from observed flap movement; a command without movement does not establish the cue.

Autopilot follow

AP follow authority5%

Quanto os comandos do piloto automático podem mover fisicamente o manche. Mantido minúsculo no MSFS, onde um eixo movido pode ser lido de volta como entrada do piloto; zero desativa o seguimento por completo.

Mais: o piloto automático move seu manche visivelmente mais.

Menos: um seguimento quase imperceptível.

Por que aqui: Sets admitted AP-follow gain, not a percentage of travel. Runtime ownership and input limits still apply.

Stick feel

StickFeel · Trim feel enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Retained for compatibility and group membership. Trim relief, rather than this flag, controls centre movement.

StickFeel · Trim relief enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Allows trim relief with supported control law and valid telemetry. Axis authorities set its amount.

StickFeel · Force trim enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Local trim can retain a chosen hardware centre, while the SP and Power Elite automatic-trim and stabilization arrangements remain separately scoped. Local force trim is off. The stored latch parameters are inactive; the profile does not supply a local hold-where-left neutral.

AW109 1.11 for X-Plane 12AW109X-Trident AW109 product
StickFeel · G load enabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Allows load-factor changes to modify permitted spring laws. Passive fly-by-wire feel can suppress it.

StickFeel · Rate damping enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables rate damping with the configured coefficients and control law.

Autopilot

Autopilot · Follow enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Autopilot following is off; the configured spring and load retain the hardware feel.

Autopilot · Neutral hold enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Permits centering hold during a supported AP state, separate from following a moving target.

Autopilot · Neutral hold strength0.6

Por que aqui: Sets admitted AP neutral-hold strength; inactive while neutral hold is disabled.

Aero

Aero · EnabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables aerodynamic cues; each still needs nonzero strength and its simulator conditions.

Aero · Max flap index1

Where this effect reaches full strength (or has fully faded, for washouts).

Mais: a more gradual build to a later peak.

Menos: a quicker build.

Por que aqui: Sets the final flap index for detent normalization. UP plus three detents uses maximum index3.

Aero · Min flap index1

Where this effect begins fading in.

Mais: the effect begins later.

Menos: it begins earlier.

Por que aqui: Sets the first flap detent that admits buffet; this is a handle index, not degrees.

Aero · Shaker enabledFalse

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Permits shaker at supported warning conditions; the switch does not establish aircraft equipment.

Ground

Ground · EnabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables ground effects; each still needs its own strength and contact or motion telemetry.

Engine

Engine · EnabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables engine cues with nonzero settings and valid running-engine telemetry.

Mechanical

Mechanical · EnabledTrue

Whether this feature is active in this profile.

Por que aqui: Enables accessory cues with configured strengths and observed accessory movement.

Mechanical · Gain0.02

The strength of this effect.

Mais: a stronger effect.

Menos: a weaker one.

Por que aqui: Sets texture from observed gear movement, separate from aerodynamic and touchdown effects.

Todas as configurações do perfil
Configurações estimadas do perfil
ParâmetroValorO que controla e por quê
Spring strength0.1 Configured cyclic centering is nominal; neither the four-blade rotor nor the aircraft's retractable gear establishes a cyclic force schedule. The baseline spring is 0.1. Low-speed spring blending is off.
Spring deadband0.02 Sets travel around the centre before the baseline spring resists. Smaller values engage it sooner.
Force gain0 The 0 gain omits sustained directed airspeed loading. Spring resistance remains independent.
Master gain0.65 Scales overall profile strength while preserving effect balance, subject to device and output limits.
Dynamic-pressure blendFalse Allows baseline spring strength to rise with indicated airspeed where the control law permits it.
Minimum spring factor1 Sets low-speed spring strength as a fraction of baseline when blending is enabled. One keeps full strength.
Spring wake-up speed19.6 ktSets the IAS where the low-speed spring blend starts rising. This is a feel threshold, not a flight limit.
Spring full-strength speed70.0 ktSets the IAS where the low-speed blend reaches baseline strength; high-speed stiffening also uses it.
Velocidade de ajuste de força135 ktSets the IAS reference for aerodynamic loading. It is an estimate, not published cruise TAS or a flight limit.
Airspeed spring stiffening0 Adds permitted spring resistance above the full-blend speed. Zero removes this high-speed increase.
Airspeed stiffening cap5 Limits the squared airspeed ratio used for high-speed spring stiffening; it is not a device-force cap.
Aileron force scale1 Roll and pitch aerodynamic scales are 1 and 1, respectively. These stored weights do not create directed aerodynamic loading while that term is inactive. No custom spring-travel curve is enabled.
Elevator force scale1 Scales pitch aerodynamic loading; pitch spring travel and trim responses are separate settings.
Maximum output force0.55 Caps directed-force output. Native spring effects and device limits remain separate.
StickFeel · Trim feel enabledFalse Retained for compatibility and group membership. Trim relief, rather than this flag, controls centre movement.
StickFeel · Trim relief enabledFalse Allows trim relief with supported control law and valid telemetry. Axis authorities set its amount.
StickFeel · Elevator authority0 Scales supported pitch-trim relief and permitted centre movement. Zero removes pitch response.
StickFeel · Aileron authority0 Scales supported roll-trim relief and permitted centre movement. Zero removes roll response.
StickFeel · Force trim enabledFalse Local trim can retain a chosen hardware centre, while the SP and Power Elite automatic-trim and stabilization arrangements remain separately scoped. Local force trim is off. The stored latch parameters are inactive; the profile does not supply a local hold-where-left neutral.
StickFeel · G load enabledTrue Allows load-factor changes to modify permitted spring laws. Passive fly-by-wire feel can suppress it.
StickFeel · Rate damping enabledFalse Enables rate damping with the configured coefficients and control law.
Autopilot · Follow enabledFalse Autopilot following is off; the configured spring and load retain the hardware feel.
Autopilot · Follow authority0.05 Sets admitted AP-follow gain, not a percentage of travel. Runtime ownership and input limits still apply.
Autopilot · Neutral hold enabledFalse Permits centering hold during a supported AP state, separate from following a moving target.
Autopilot · Neutral hold strength0.6 Sets admitted AP neutral-hold strength; inactive while neutral hold is disabled.
Aero · EnabledTrue Enables aerodynamic cues; each still needs nonzero strength and its simulator conditions.
Aero · Gain0 Sets stall-buffet strength. Zero removes the cue without changing simulator stalls or warnings.
Aero · Gain0 Sets high-Mach buffet strength; onset and full-strength thresholds are separate.
Aero · Gain0 Sets flap buffet at the configured position and speed gates. Flap movement texture is separate.
Aero · Max flap index1 Sets the final flap index for detent normalization. UP plus three detents uses maximum index3.
Aero · Min flap index1 Sets the first flap detent that admits buffet; this is a handle index, not degrees.
Aero · Gain0 Sets gear aerodynamic buffet; movement and ground-contact cues are separate.
Aero · Shaker enabledFalse Permits shaker at supported warning conditions; the switch does not establish aircraft equipment.
Aero · Amplitude0.5 Sets triggered shaker strength; inactive while the shaker feature is disabled.
Ground · EnabledTrue Enables ground effects; each still needs its own strength and contact or motion telemetry.
Ground · Gain0.1 Sets rolling texture strength, modified by speed, surface and undercarriage configuration.
Ground · Gain0.08 Sets gear-bump texture during ground motion, separate from touchdown impact.
Ground · Gain0.2 Sets landing-impact strength; landing telemetry and response shape determine the pulse.
Ground · Gain0 Sets reverse-thrust vibration with valid reverser and engine conditions. Zero removes the cue.
Engine · EnabledTrue Enables engine cues with nonzero settings and valid running-engine telemetry.
Engine · Gain0 Sets estimated engine vibration using configured telemetry and response, not measured cockpit vibration.
Mechanical · EnabledTrue Enables accessory cues with configured strengths and observed accessory movement.
Mechanical · Gain0 Sets texture from observed flap movement; a command without movement does not establish the cue.
Mechanical · Gain0.02 Sets texture from observed gear movement, separate from aerodynamic and touchdown effects.
Fontes públicas 11
  1. AgustaWestland AW109Research background · Wikipedia revision 1367311414 · retrieved 2026-09-12
  2. AW109 1.11 for X-Plane 12AW109XP12 product model and systemsProduct listing captured 2026-09-30; edition scope from the reviewed catalogue
  3. AW109XP12v1.09-1.11 changelog
  4. X-Trident AW109 productExact developer-authorized product description, version and simulator requirements
  5. A109 certificateEASA.R.005 issue26 A109E PDF27-30; PDF29
  6. X-Plane aircraft and avionics manuals
  7. Me and my aircraft: comparing the Grand and PowerPhilip Louis Amadeus · 8 September 2009
  8. Flying heavy: a medevac pilot’s balancing actWoody McClendon · 2 December 2024
  9. MSV enjoys the Grand upgrade for circuit travelJonathan Palmer · 12 August 2013
  10. Behind the scenes with Castle AirJon Duke · 4 May 2018
  11. ICAO Doc 8643 — aircraft type designatorsPublic search data retrieved 2026-09-14; authority update 2026-09-03

Comunidade e correções

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Correções de pilotos

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Papo de hangar

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Comunidade

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